Scientists, engineers, and dreamers around the world have been captivated by NASA’s ambitious plan to establish human settlements on the moon by 2040. As part of its Artemis program, NASA has outlined a multifaceted initiative to return humans to the lunar surface and establish a sustainable presence. The agency aims to develop the Lunar Homestead project, which focuses on creating habitable structures and finding ways to access essential resources on the moon. However, NASA faces challenges in designing structures that can withstand extreme lunar conditions and protect future inhabitants from radiation. The agency plans to use lunar regolith and advanced technologies like 3D printing to construct protective shields around the habitats. Another obstacle NASA faces is the lack of a robust rocket for lunar missions, as the previous rockets used in the Apollo missions are no longer in production. Despite these challenges, NASA remains optimistic about the possibility of establishing a lunar colony within our lifetimes.