Of the total 1,005 cases registered countrywide under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) in 2022, the maximum 371 cases were in Jammu and Kashmir, followed by 167 in Manipur, 133 in Assam, and 101 in Uttar Pradesh, according to the latest ‘Crime in India’ data compiled by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). Attacks or violent incidents by left-wing extremists across the affected states last year totaled 224, while those by terrorists added up to 196, of which 126 were triggered by jihadi terrorists and 70 by ‘other terrorists’. The attacks by northeast insurgents meanwhile dipped to 26 from 41 in 2021, and were largely targeted at economic establishments owned by both the government and the private sector. Terrorists, mostly located in J&K, directed 107 of their total 196 attacks in 2022 at police stations or security camps. Left-wing extremists carried out 154 attacks on security camps or police stations, 64 on ‘other establishments’, four on economic establishments, and two on railway tracks or infrastructure. Left-wing extremists killed 66 civilians in 2022, of which 23 were branded as ‘informers’. This was higher than the 53 civilian casualties they had caused in 2021. The Naxalites also killed four security personnel, including two from the Central paramilitary forces, though this was a steep decline from 43 such killings in 2021. Terrorists, essentially in J&K, killed 22 civilians and 25 security personnel last year, as compared to 35 civilians and 43 security personnel in 2021. Northeast insurgents were responsible for just one Central para-military personnel’s killing in 2022. Terrorists suffered the highest fatalities at 99 in 2022, followed by 31 of left-wing extremists and one of a northeast insurgent. In 2021, 122 terrorists, 96 left-wing extremists, and 10 northeast insurgents were killed. As many as 417 left-wing extremists surrendered in 2022, down from 550 in 2021. Manipur insurgents faced 167 cases under UAPA in 2022, up from 136 in 2021. Another 15 UAPA cases were registered against insurgents in Assam and 12 in Arunachal. Interestingly, 16 cases were filed in 2022 under UAPA against left-wing extremists in Kerala and only 2 in Chhattisgarh. However, Naxalites faced 42 cases of murder (Section 302 of IPC) and 89 cases of attempted murder (Section 307) in Chhattisgarh. Jammu and Kashmir saw 204 UAPA cases and 142 Arms Act cases being filed against terrorists in 2022. This is higher than the 134 cases filed there against terrorists under UAPA and 113 under the Arms Act a year earlier.