Penguins, specifically the Emperor and Adelie species found in Antarctica, have been the subject of study by scientists who are fascinated by their huddling behavior. These flightless birds have unique adaptations to survive the extreme cold, such as dense feathers and large fat reserves. When facing temperatures as low as -50 degrees Celsius, Emperor penguins form large groups and tightly huddle together for warmth. Their coordinated movements in the huddle help distribute body heat evenly among the group. Huddling is primarily a survival strategy to conserve body heat during long fasting periods, especially for male penguins responsible for incubating eggs. The temperature inside a huddle can reach up to 21 degrees Celsius, despite the freezing conditions outside. This behavior has been observed and studied using remote sensing techniques. To learn more about the science behind penguins’ huddling behavior, read the full article.