United Nations rights investigators have found systemic racism against black people throughout the US policing and justice systems, according to a report following their visit to the United States. The investigators highlighted the pervasive nature of racism in law enforcement and the judicial system, calling for urgent reform. During their visit, they visited detention centers, held meetings with victims, civic groups, officials, and the judiciary, and heard heart-breaking testimonies from victims who do not get justice or redress. The experts rejected the ‘bad apple’ theory and concluded that the abusive behavior of some individual police officers is part of a broader and menacing pattern. They also expressed concern about the over-representation of people of African descent in the criminal justice system and recommended several reforms, including reconsidering the role of armed police officers as the default first responders in situations like mental health crises and traffic control.