United Nations human rights chief Volker Turk has accused Russia of an extensive failure to protect civilians in Ukraine and alleges that Russian forces have committed war crimes. During a session at the Human Rights Council in Geneva, Turk presented evidence of gross violations of international human rights law and humanitarian law by the forces of the Russian Federation. He cited 142 cases of summary execution of civilians, as well as enforced disappearances, torture, and ill treatment of detainees. Russia has denied these accusations and defended its actions in Ukraine. Turk stated that both countries, but particularly Russia, must abide by international laws and cease the use of explosive weapons in populated areas.