As nations gather for COP 28, India is committed to climate action but drawing red lines on issues like fossil fuel phase-out, cooling emissions, and multilateral platforms. India is agreeable to tripling renewable energy targets but insists on not mentioning fossil fuel in a declaration solely focused on renewable energy. India is also hesitant to sign the COP 28 Global Cooling Pledge and opposes the Coalition for High Ambition Multilevel Partnership (CHAMP). Additionally, India expresses concerns on the COP28 Declaration on Climate and Health, food system inclusion, and climate finance endorsement.
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The G20 leaders have expressed support for the Paris Agreement targets but are pessimistic about phasing down coal. They recognize the need for climate finance and the importance of sustainable biofuels. The agreement to triple renewable energy capacity was seen as a significant step towards meeting climate goals. However, no specific progress was made on phasing out unabated fossil fuels. The G20 leaders called for MDB reforms and a second replenishment process of the Green Climate Fund.
