The University Grants Commission (UGC) has rolled out new rules to stop caste-based discrimination in colleges and universities. These rules were announced on January 14, 2026. They update the earlier anti-discrimination laws from 2012. Now, the rules clearly include Other Backward Classes (OBCs) under caste discrimination protections. Earlier, the draft rules faced criticism for excluding OBCs and proposing fines for false complaints. The final version removed the fine provision and expanded the definition of discrimination. "Caste-based discrimination" now means unfair treatment based on caste or tribe against Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and OBCs. The UGC also covers discrimination on religion, race, gender, place of birth, and disability. Each institute must set up equal opportunity centres (EOCs) and equity committees. These committees must have members from OBCs, SCs, STs, women, and persons with disabilities. The head of the institution will chair these committees. The equity committees must meet at least twice a year and submit reports. Institutes must also send annual reports on EOC work to the UGC. The UGC will create a national monitoring panel with members from professional bodies and civil society. This panel will meet twice yearly to track the rules’ implementation and suggest fixes. Institutes failing to follow the rules risk harsh penalties. They could lose permission to offer degree courses, distance learning, online programs, or even be removed from the UGC’s approved list. These steps aim to end discrimination, promote fairness, and ensure dignity for all students in higher education.