Kuwait has no rivers, lakes, or renewable freshwater sources. The country’s desert landscape and low rainfall create one of the world’s most water-scarce environments. To survive, Kuwait relies almost entirely on seawater desalination, which produces over 90% of its drinking water. This technology started in 1953 and now includes large coastal plants like Az-Zour North, producing 480,000 cubic meters daily. Kuwait also treats wastewater for farming and landscaping to save its precious desalinated water. Despite this high-tech solution, Kuwait faces challenges from energy costs and climate change risks. The government uses smart meters, promotes water saving, and invests in solar-powered desalination to maintain supply. Kuwait’s success shows how engineering can beat tough nature but also highlights the huge costs and risks of depending on energy-heavy water production. As it pushes to reduce oil reliance, Kuwait must balance water needs with environmental goals.