The United Nations has urged the UK and France to stop their controversial "one in, one out" asylum policy. Nine UN experts sent a detailed 20-page letter on December 8, 2025, warning of serious breaches of human rights. The letter was published on Friday after the two governments were given 60 days to respond. The letter highlights cases of asylum seekers from Sudan, Gaza, Eritrea, Yemen, and Iran. Many are survivors of torture and trafficking. Experts say detaining these vulnerable people amounts to "cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment." There are also concerns over failure to protect people who are suicidal. The letter details harsh treatment in detention, including a man from Eritrea forced to go shoeless with a hood over his head and guards' boots on his neck. A Yemeni woman who suffered slavery since age three was dismissed by the UK Home Office for not disclosing her trafficking history immediately. Another case told of a Gaza man who lost family in Israeli attacks; smugglers threatened his group with death if they spoke out or returned to France. The experts warn that the agreement between the UK and France risks violating international human rights law, especially affecting children and vulnerable groups. The UN letter questions how the UK selects who faces detention and forced return to France, noting that the process seems arbitrary. It also asks about protection against further forced returns once people are sent back to France. The experts call on the UK to end the deal with France to ensure migration policies respect human rights and do not increase suffering. Bella Mosselmans, director of the Global Strategic Litigation Council, supports the UN's call. She highlighted that many affected people have spoken out about fear and harm endured, including dozens of children wrongly caught up in the scheme. She said, "The UN has now echoed those lived experiences with a clear and urgent alarm," and urged the UK and France to stop causing harm. Requests for comment were sent to the UK Home Office, French Interior Ministry, and UN Refugee Agency.