India’s new HIV infections rate stood at 0.05 per 1,000 uninfected people in 2024. Mizoram reported the highest new HIV incidence at 0.90, followed by Nagaland (0.42) and Tripura (0.28), according to the India HIV estimate 2025 report released on December 1, 2025. Punjab, Arunachal Pradesh, and Meghalaya also had incidence rates of 0.20 or higher. Nationally, annual new cases dropped by nearly 49% from 2010 to 2024. However, Arunachal Pradesh and Tripura saw a sharp rise of over 400%. Globally, new HIV infections fell by 40% in the same period. The annual AIDS-related death rate was 2.32 per 100,000 people nationwide. Manipur led with the highest death rate, followed by Mizoram and Nagaland. AIDS-related deaths declined 81.4% between 2010 and 2024. Deaths increased only in Chandigarh, Punjab, Arunachal Pradesh, and Tripura. Globally, AIDS deaths fell 54% over the same years. V. Hekali Zhimomi, NACO’s Additional Secretary and Director-General, said the epidemic stays low in India. She highlighted that from 2020 to 2024, India achieved a 19.4% drop in new HIV infections, a 30.6% cut in AIDS deaths, and a 63.7% fall in mother-to-child transmission. These figures outpaced global reductions. The report estimated 25.61 lakh People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in India in 2024. Adult HIV prevalence was 0.20%, with males at 0.21% and females at 0.19%. Among youth aged 15-24, prevalence was 0.06%. Mizoram and Nagaland had over 1% HIV prevalence. Manipur, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Punjab, Telangana, and Meghalaya had adult prevalence above 0.40%. Maharashtra had the largest PLHIV population at 3.99 lakh, followed by Andhra Pradesh (3.10 lakh) and Karnataka (2.91 lakh). Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Bihar, Gujarat, and Punjab had PLHIV numbers between 1 lakh and 2 lakh. Together, these nine states hold 74% of India’s HIV burden.