India is seeing more clashes between humans and wild animals, especially in rural areas. In States like Assam, Odisha, and Karnataka, wild elephants often enter farms at night. They damage crops and scare families. This creates tension and risk for both animals and people. The World Wide Fund for Nature and the UN Environment Programme warn this conflict threatens many important Indian wildlife species. As India builds more roads, mines, and cities, natural forests shrink. Animals lose homes and move into towns and farms looking for food. Between 2009 and 2021, 186 elephants died after train accidents in India. Assam had the most, followed by West Bengal and Odisha. Margaret Kinnaird of WWF Global says, "Human–wildlife conflict, in tandem with other threats, has decimated species that were once common — and pushed rarer ones to the brink." Farmers growing crops like banana and sugarcane near forests attract wild elephants and herbivores like deer and bison. Villagers near tiger reserves report crop raids and call for declaring some animals as pests, despite laws protecting them. Vultures have also suffered huge population drops, partly due to habitat loss and poisoning. Their decline has led to more rotting animal carcasses and disease risks. In response, India’s government launched the National Human-Wildlife Conflict Mitigation Strategy. It focuses on fixing habitat breaks, restoring wildlife corridors, improving crop compensation, and building quick response teams. Conservationists say balancing human needs with nature is key. Protecting forests and wildlife will depend on wise choices by farmers, developers, and policymakers to keep India’s wildlife safe.